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Cybersecurity · Email

Email is where most attacks start. Build it in layers.

The six layers of email security a 25 to 100 person business needs, what each one stops, and how to decide what to buy versus what you already own.

Six layers, each stops something different

DMARC protects your domain’s name

Verify every payment change by phone

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The short answer

Email security for a small business is not one product. It is six layers that work together: filtering that blocks malicious messages before they arrive, domain authentication (SPF, DKIM and DMARC) so criminals cannot easily send mail as you, multi-factor authentication so stolen passwords do not unlock mailboxes, warning banners on outside mail, a payment verification rule, and short regular training.

The stakes are real. The FBI’s 2025 Internet Crime Report recorded about $3.05 billion in reported losses from business email compromise, where criminals impersonate executives, vendors or clients to redirect payments. Most businesses already pay for part of this in Microsoft 365 or Google Workspace. The work is turning it on, configuring it well and filling the gaps.

Layer 1: filtering and threat protection

Filtering scans incoming mail for spam, malware, malicious links and impersonation before it reaches the inbox.

  • Built-in protection. Microsoft 365 and Google Workspace include baseline spam and malware filtering. Microsoft’s higher plans, such as Business Premium, add Defender for Office 365 features like link rewriting and attachment sandboxing.
  • Add-on filtering. Third-party email security products add another scan, often with stronger impersonation detection and easier quarantine management.
  • What to configure: anti-impersonation for executives and your domain, safe link checking at click time, attachment sandboxing, and quarantine notifications people understand.

Decision rule: if you are on Microsoft 365 Business Standard or Google Workspace Starter and handle payments or sensitive data, budget for stronger filtering, either by upgrading your plan or adding a product.

Layer 2: SPF, DKIM and DMARC

These three DNS records prove which servers may send mail for your domain and tell receivers what to do with mail that fails the check.

  • SPF lists the services allowed to send as your domain, such as Microsoft 365, your email marketing tool and your invoicing system.
  • DKIM adds a digital signature so receivers can confirm the message was not altered and came from an authorized sender.
  • DMARC tells receivers whether to accept, quarantine or reject mail that fails, and sends you reports on who is sending as you.

Since 2024, Google requires bulk senders to its users to have SPF, DKIM and DMARC in place, and in 2025 Microsoft announced similar requirements for high-volume senders to Outlook.com. Even if you do not send in bulk, these records help your invoices reach inboxes and make spoofing your domain harder.

  1. List every service that sends email as your domain.
  2. Publish SPF and turn on DKIM for each one.
  3. Start DMARC at p=none and read the reports for a few weeks.
  4. Fix legitimate senders that fail.
  5. Move to p=quarantine, then p=reject.

Layer 3: multi-factor authentication on every mailbox

Many email attacks do not break in through a message; they log in with a stolen password. Multi-factor authentication stops most of those. Turn it on for every user, including the owner, shared admin accounts and anyone with access to finance. Block older sign-in methods that skip MFA. Our guide to Microsoft 365 security settings walks through the tenant settings.

Also watch for signs a mailbox is already compromised: new forwarding rules to outside addresses, inbox rules that hide replies, and sign-ins from unexpected countries.

Want to know how well your email is protected today? Our free Technology Health Assessment takes about 30 minutes of data collection. The next day you get a plain-language report rating your IT operations, cybersecurity, business continuity and more as controlled, needs attention, significant exposure or unknown, with a short list of next steps in order. It is yours to keep, with no obligation. Book your assessment.

Layer 4: external sender banners and warnings

A short banner on mail from outside your organization, such as “This message came from outside the company,” helps people pause when a message pretends to come from the owner. Both Microsoft 365 and Google Workspace can add external tags. Keep the wording short so people keep reading it, and consider extra warnings for first-time senders and lookalike domains.

Layer 5: a payment verification rule

Technology will not catch every convincing request. A simple written rule closes the gap:

  • Any new payee, change of bank details or urgent payment request is confirmed by phone using a number you already have, never one in the email
  • Two people approve payments above a set amount
  • Gift card requests from executives are treated as fraud until confirmed in person or by phone
  • Vendors are told in writing that you will never change payment details by email alone

This one rule targets the payment-redirection fraud behind many of the most expensive email losses.

Layer 6: short, regular training

Annual hour-long training is quickly forgotten. Short sessions work better: ten minutes each quarter on current examples, plus simulated phishing if your team will engage with it. Make reporting easy with a report button, thank people who report, and never punish someone for clicking and then speaking up. The faster you hear about a click, the less damage it does.

What to buy, and what you may already own

Usually included

Basic spam and malware filtering, MFA, external sender tags, SPF and DKIM setup in Microsoft 365 or Google Workspace.

Often worth upgrading

Advanced link and attachment protection, impersonation detection and better quarantine controls, through a higher plan or add-on.

Usually separate

DMARC reporting tools, security awareness training platforms and email backup.

Email also needs backing up. Deleted mail is only recoverable for a limited time in most platforms, so include mailboxes in your backup and recovery plan.

What to do when someone clicks

  1. Report it right away. The person tells IT or the manager immediately, no blame.
  2. Reset the password and sessions. Change the password, sign the user out of all sessions and confirm MFA methods are theirs.
  3. Check the mailbox. Look for new forwarding rules, inbox rules and sent messages the user did not write.
  4. Scan the device if a file was opened or software was installed.
  5. Pull similar messages. Remove the same email from other mailboxes using your admin tools.
  6. Warn contacts if fraudulent messages went out from the account, especially clients and vendors with pending payments.

Write these steps down before you need them, so nobody has to improvise.

Lookalike domains and vendor impersonation

DMARC stops criminals sending as your exact domain. It does not stop them registering a lookalike, such as one letter changed or a different ending, and emailing your clients or staff from it. Reduce the risk:

  • Turn on lookalike domain and impersonation detection in your filtering
  • Flag first-time senders, especially on messages that mention invoices or payments
  • Register the most obvious variations of your own domain if they are cheap and available
  • Tell clients how you will and will not send payment instructions

How JLB USA helps

JLB USA’s cybersecurity services include email security, multi-factor authentication, access reviews, same-day removal of leavers, endpoint protection, monitored backups with tested restores and help with cyber-insurance questionnaires. We administer Microsoft 365 and Google Workspace for businesses with roughly 25 to 100 employees and reply within 5 minutes by email or phone.

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Questions we hear

What email security does a small business need?

Six layers: filtering and threat protection, SPF, DKIM and DMARC, multi-factor authentication on every mailbox, external sender banners, a phone-verification rule for payment changes, and short regular training.

Is Microsoft 365 email security enough on its own?

Baseline filtering is included, but plans such as Business Basic and Standard lack some advanced protections. Many small businesses upgrade to Business Premium or add a third-party filtering product, then configure DMARC and MFA.

What is DMARC and do small businesses need it?

DMARC tells receiving mail servers what to do with messages that fail SPF and DKIM checks for your domain and sends you reports. It makes spoofing your domain harder and helps legitimate mail get delivered.

How much does business email compromise cost?

The FBI’s 2025 Internet Crime Report recorded about $3.05 billion in reported business email compromise losses in the United States.

How do I know if a business mailbox has been hacked?

Look for forwarding or inbox rules you did not create, sent messages you did not write, password reset emails you did not request and sign-ins from unfamiliar locations.

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